Análisis del update BGP de toda la tabla de internet
Fecha: 12 de octubre
del 2023
Escenario
Este laboratorio es una continuación de la trilogía
BGP que venimos publicando. Anteriormente se analizó
cuantas rutas “entraban” en un anuncio BGP con
una MTU completa,
luego cuantos paquetes se necesitan
para anunciar 2048 rutas
vía BGP y este, analiza el anuncio BGP de la tabla completa de internet.
Tengamos en cuenta que lo transferido es la tabla
BGP y no la tabla de enrutamiento, que se forma a partir
de las rutas mas óptimas de la tabla BGP y
si existiesen, otros protocolos de enrutamiento o rutas estáticas.
Esta prueba requirió bastante planificación ya
que se realizó con equipos en producción, el escenario es algo
mas complejo, existen otros routers en el
segmento y el que llamamos BGP TECO (jerga de Telecomunication
Company) se comporta como un route-reflector (ver este lab)
para que el router BGP TEST aprenda las rutas
de quien no son sus vecinos configurados en el
BGP ya que al ser una sesión iBGP (internal BGP) dentro del
mismo AS este no las aprendería (sólo aprendería
las del vecino configurado).
1.- Verificación inicial:
Router-BGP#sh ip route summary
IP routing table name is default (0x0)
IP routing table maximum-paths is 32
Route Source
Networks Subnets Replicates
Overhead Memory (bytes)
connected
0 2 0 112 344
static 0 0 0 0 0
bgp 28020
0 0 0 0 0
External: 0 Internal: 0 Local: 0
Internal 1
484
Total 1 2 0 112 828
Router-BGP#
2.- Se genera la adyacencia
BGP:
3.- Verificación:
Router-BGP#sh ip route summary
IP routing table name is default (0x0)
IP routing table maximum-paths is 32
Route Source
Networks Subnets Replicates
Overhead Memory (bytes)
Connected
0 2 0 112
344
static 0 0 0 0
0
bgp 28020
222493 767675 0 55449408 170308896
External:
0 Internal: 990168 Local: 0
internal 8865 39608612
Total 231358 767677 0 55449520 209917852
Router-BGP#
4.- Análisis de Wireshark:
4.1.- Inicio de la
sesión BGP mediante el handshacking
TCP y comienzo de la transferencia de rutas mediante mensajes BGP UPDATE.
Frame 15: 1514 bytes on
wire (12112 bits), 1514 bytes captured (12112 bits) on interface id 0
Ethernet II, Src: b8:38:61:22:cb:80, Dst:
64:00:f1:21:f7:00
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 200.107.81.252,
Dst: 200.107.81.250
Transmission Control Protocol, Src Port: 179, Dst
Port: 13367, Seq: 1617, Ack: 120, Len: 1460
Border Gateway Protocol -
UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
77
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 50
Path attributes (según el next-hop o los AS para
alcanzar la red o las redes)
Path Attribute - ORIGIN: IGP
Path Attribute - AS_PATH: 7303 7303 6762 1273
3329 3329 3329
Path Attribute - NEXT_HOP: 200.107.81.251
Path Attribute - MULTI_EXIT_DISC: 0
Path Attribute - LOCAL_PREF: 100
Path Attribute - CLUSTER_LIST: 200.107.81.252
Path Attribute - ORIGINATOR_ID: 200.107.81.251
Network Layer Reachability Information
(NLRI)
82.103.64.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
131
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 72
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI) (podemos ver que las redes destino no comienzan desde 1.0.0.0/x)
160.109.236.0/24
160.109.116.0/24
160.109.232.0/24
160.109.233.0/24
160.109.234.0/24
160.109.235.0/24
160.109.237.0/24
160.109.238.0/24
160.109.239.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length: 104
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 77
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
172.69.156.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
81
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 54
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
185.133.252.0/22
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
103
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 60
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
185.59.76.0/24
185.59.77.0/24
185.59.78.0/24
185.59.79.0/24
194.116.221.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
142
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 67
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
50.0.8.0/23
50.0.10.0/23
50.1.64.0/22
50.1.68.0/24
50.1.128.0/17
69.12.176.0/20
75.101.112.0/21
76.191.224.0/21
108.169.64.0/18
184.23.64.0/18
208.106.56.0/22
208.106.80.0/21
208.106.120.0/22
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
95
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 68
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
103.166.135.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
112
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 81
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
216.53.84.0/24
216.53.86.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
109
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 82
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
103.151.132.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
119
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 88
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
179.0.184.0/24
179.0.185.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
113
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 86
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
122.248.106.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
104
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 77
Path attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
92.51.4.0/23
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
114
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 79
Path
attributes
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
216.144.192.0/24
216.144.193.0/24
216.144.199.0/24
Frame 16: 1511 bytes on
wire (12088 bits), 1511 bytes captured (12088 bits) on interface id 0
Ethernet II, Src: b8:38:61:22:cb:80, Dst:
64:00:f1:21:f7:00
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 200.107.81.252,
Dst: 200.107.81.250
Transmission Control Protocol, Src Port: 179, Dst
Port: 13367, Seq: 3077, Ack: 120, Len: 1457
[2 Reassembled TCP Segments (1470 bytes): #15(56), #16(1414)]
[Frame:
15, payload: 0-55 (56 bytes)]
[Frame:
16, payload: 56-1469 (1414 bytes)]
[Segment count: 2]
[Reassembled TCP length: 1470]
[Reassembled TCP Data:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff009f02000000444001010040021a020600001c87…]
Border Gateway Protocol -
UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
159
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn
Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 68
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
128.43.0.0/17
128.43.128.0/17
131.132.0.0/17
131.132.128.0/17
131.135.0.0/17
131.135.128.0/17
131.136.0.0/17
131.136.128.0/17
131.137.0.0/17
131.137.128.0/17
131.137.245.0/24
131.138.0.0/17
131.138.128.0/17
131.139.128.0/18
131.139.192.0/18
192.16.250.0/24
192.16.251.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
99
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 72
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
170.65.188.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
95
Type: UPDATE
Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 68
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
194.6.203.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
113
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 54
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
88.82.160.0/22
88.82.164.0/22
88.82.168.0/23
88.82.170.0/23
88.82.172.0/22
88.82.176.0/22
88.82.180.0/22
88.82.184.0/22
88.82.188.0/22
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
93
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 50
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
41.45.4.0/22
197.49.32.0/19
197.49.96.0/19
197.49.160.0/19
197.49.224.0/19
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
101
Type: UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 62
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
212.26.36.0/24
212.26.38.0/24
212.26.39.0/24
212.26.60.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
101
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 74
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
2.16.4.0/23
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
237
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total Path Attribute Length: 78
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
43.251.120.0/22
103.42.184.0/24
103.42.185.0/24
103.42.186.0/24
115.86.0.0/24
115.86.1.0/24
115.86.3.0/24
115.86.9.0/24
115.86.15.0/24
115.86.28.0/24
115.86.29.0/24
115.86.30.0/24
115.86.34.0/24
115.86.40.0/21
115.86.51.0/24
115.86.62.0/24
115.86.72.0/21
115.86.85.0/24
115.86.102.0/24
115.86.103.0/24
115.86.114.0/24
115.86.122.0/24
115.86.124.0/24
115.86.162.0/24
115.86.169.0/24
115.86.173.0/24
115.86.189.0/24
115.86.192.0/21
115.86.200.0/21
115.86.208.0/24
115.86.229.0/24
115.86.241.0/24
115.86.254.0/24
210.181.62.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
183
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 64
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
45.87.224.0/24
45.87.225.0/24
46.183.108.0/22
87.120.248.0/22
87.121.252.0/22
89.184.36.0/22
89.184.60.0/23
91.199.213.0/24
94.156.28.0/22
94.156.204.0/22
94.156.228.0/22
109.106.120.0/23
185.12.156.0/24
185.12.157.0/24
185.106.88.0/24
185.142.28.0/22
185.167.197.0/24
185.167.198.0/24
185.167.199.0/24
185.191.156.0/24
185.191.156.0/22
185.191.157.0/24
185.191.158.0/24
185.191.159.0/24
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
103
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 64
Path attributes (datos no desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
144.9.32.0/20
144.9.40.0/24
144.9.233.0/24
144.9.32.0/19
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
91
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 64
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
45.226.172.0/23
Border Gateway Protocol - UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
95
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 68
Path attributes (datos no desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
176.110.116.0/23
Frame 18: 857 bytes on
wire (6856 bits), 857 bytes captured (6856 bits) on interface id 0
Ethernet II, Src: b8:38:61:22:cb:80, Dst: 64:00:f1:21:f7:00
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 200.107.81.252,
Dst: 200.107.81.250
Transmission Control Protocol, Src Port: 179, Dst
Port: 13367, Seq: 4534, Ack: 120, Len: 803
[2 Reassembled TCP Segments (846 bytes): #16(43), #18(803)]
[Frame:
16, payload: 0-42 (43 bytes)]
[Frame:
18, payload: 43-845 (803 bytes)]
[Segment count: 2]
[Reassembled TCP length: 846]
[Reassembled TCP Data: ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff034e02000000484001010040021e020700001c87…]
Border Gateway Protocol -
UPDATE Message
Marker:
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
Length:
846
Type:
UPDATE Message (2)
Withdrawn Routes Length: 0
Total
Path Attribute Length: 72
Path
attributes (datos no
desplegados)
Network
Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)
31.14.240.0/21
37.153.144.0/21
46.103.0.0/16
46.176.0.0/17
46.176.0.0/16
46.176.128.0/17
46.177.0.0/17
46.177.0.0/16
46.177.128.0/17
46.198.128.0/17
62.38.0.0/23
62.38.0.0/16
62.74.0.0/22
62.74.4.0/23
62.74.32.0/22
62.74.36.0/23
62.74.46.0/23
62.74.56.0/22
62.74.60.0/23
62.74.64.0/18
62.74.138.0/24
62.74.148.0/22
62.74.176.0/23
62.74.180.0/22
62.74.188.0/22
62.74.196.0/22
77.69.0.0/17
78.87.0.0/16
79.166.0.0/16
79.166.160.0/19
79.167.0.0/16
85.204.64.0/22
86.104.68.0/22
86.104.120.0/22
86.105.188.0/22
86.105.200.0/22
86.105.248.0/22
89.32.208.0/21
89.43.56.0/22
89.43.184.0/22
89.44.72.0/22
89.44.96.0/22
89.44.156.0/22
89.44.220.0/22
89.46.252.0/23
89.46.252.0/22
89.47.44.0/22
89.210.0.0/16
91.138.128.0/17
91.207.236.0/23
93.113.120.0/22
93.113.216.0/22
93.114.196.0/22
128.140.152.0/21
141.237.0.0/16
141.255.0.0/17
176.92.64.0/19
176.92.128.0/18
178.59.0.0/16
185.145.164.0/22
194.30.192.0/18
195.97.0.0/17
212.22.32.0/20
5.54.0.0/16 (podemos ver que el update no es
siempre con prefijos ascendentes)
5.54.0.0/15
5.55.0.0/16
62.74.6.0/23
62.74.8.0/22
62.74.144.0/22
62.74.184.0/22
62.74.192.0/22
213.249.59.0/24
62.74.12.0/22
62.74.16.0/22
77.69.112.0/20
5.54.32.0/19
5.54.64.0/19
5.54.128.0/19
5.54.160.0/19
5.54.192.0/19
5.54.224.0/19
5.55.0.0/19
5.55.32.0/19
5.55.64.0/19
5.55.96.0/19
5.55.128.0/19
5.55.192.0/19
31.14.168.0/21
31.14.240.0/22
31.14.244.0/22
46.103.0.0/18
46.103.96.0/20
46.103.136.0/21
46.103.160.0/19
46.103.208.0/20
46.103.232.0/21
46.103.240.0/20
46.176.96.0/19
46.176.128.0/19
46.176.160.0/19
46.176.192.0/19
46.176.224.0/19
46.177.0.0/19
46.177.64.0/19
46.177.96.0/19
46.177.128.0/19
46.177.160.0/19
46.177.224.0/20
46.198.144.0/20
46.198.176.0/21
46.198.192.0/19
46.198.224.0/20
46.198.240.0/20
62.38.3.0/24
62.74.64.0/19
62.74.96.0/19
77.69.48.0/20
77.69.96.0/21
77.69.104.0/21
78.87.16.0/20
78.87.32.0/19
78.87.64.0/20
78.87.144.0/20
78.87.192.0/19
78.87.224.0/20
78.87.240.0/20
79.166.0.0/18
79.166.64.0/18
79.166.168.0/21
79.166.176.0/20
79.167.32.0/19
79.167.64.0/20
79.167.80.0/20
79.167.96.0/19
79.167.128.0/19
79.167.160.0/19
79.167.192.0/19
86.104.68.0/23
86.104.70.0/23
86.104.120.0/23
86.104.122.0/23
89.44.156.0/23
89.44.158.0/23
89.44.216.0/22
89.45.120.0/22
89.46.254.0/23
89.210.32.0/19
89.210.64.0/19
89.210.96.0/19
89.210.224.0/19
91.138.128.0/20
91.138.173.0/24
91.138.175.0/24
91.138.240.0/21
141.237.0.0/19
141.237.64.0/19
141.237.128.0/19
141.237.192.0/19
141.255.0.0/19
141.255.64.0/19
176.92.0.0/18
176.92.64.0/20
176.92.80.0/20
176.92.96.0/19
176.92.128.0/19
176.92.160.0/19
176.92.192.0/21
178.59.56.0/21
178.59.80.0/21
178.59.112.0/20
178.59.128.0/21
178.59.192.0/18
194.30.193.0/24
194.30.228.0/24
37.153.160.0/21
46.103.200.0/21
46.198.160.0/21
62.38.14.0/23
78.87.112.0/21
86.105.190.0/23
89.44.96.0/23
89.44.98.0/23
91.138.144.0/21
91.138.152.0/21
178.59.88.0/21
185.145.164.0/23
185.145.166.0/23
31.14.168.0/22
31.14.172.0/22
37.153.160.0/22
37.153.164.0/22
4.2.- Ejemplo de
bloques de mensajes BGP UPDATE masivos.
4.3.- Fin de la
sesión de mensajes masivos y comienzo de los UPDATE de mantenimiento
(inestabilidades UP o DOWN de redes de internet)
4.4.- Detalle de los
primeros 25 segundos de transferencia (hasta la trama/paquete/segmento #14188):
4.5.- Si sólo filtramos las tramas/paquetes/segmentos
con los BGP UPDATE de los primeros 25 segundos la cantidad sería la siguiente:
4.6.- Ejemplo de BGP
UPDATE continuos que pueden ser de cambios de estado o de métrica,
etc…(entendamos que es internet…)
5.- Verificación en la tabla
de enrutamiento:
Router-BGP#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R -
RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D -
EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 -
OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 -
OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS,
su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia -
IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o -
ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
Gateway of last resort is 200.107.81.252 to
network 0.0.0.0
B*
0.0.0.0/0 [200/0] via 200.107.81.252, 03:04:50
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2762 subnets, 14 masks
B
1.0.0.0/24 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 03:05:00
B
1.0.4.0/22 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 03:05:02
B 1.0.5.0/24 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2,
03:05:02
B
1.0.16.0/24 [200/2553] via 200.107.81.252, 03:04:53
B
1.0.32.0/24 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 00:05:58
B
1.0.64.0/18 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 00:05:58
B
1.0.128.0/17 [200/2553] via 200.107.81.252, 03:04:53
B
1.0.128.0/18 [200/2553] via 200.107.81.252, 03:04:53
---resumido (digamos que bastante resumido) ---
B
223.255.251.0/24 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 03:07:59
B
223.255.252.0/24 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 03:08:12
B
223.255.253.0/24 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 03:08:12
B
223.255.254.0/24 [200/0] via 200.107.81.2, 03:08:10
Router-BGP#
6.- Ancho de banda
consumido:
6.1.- El ancho de banda
consumido, a diferencia de lo que se esperaba fue practicamente despreciable:
6.2.- Si depuramos
sólo a los UPDATE de los primeros 25 segundos las estadísticas nos quedan:
Esto se debe a que para poder generar los UPDATE
primero es necesario procesar qué se va a enviar, lo cual consume CPU,
y también consuirá recursos de quien lo reciba,
ya que debe recibirlo, procesarlo en su instancia BGP y agregarlo en la tabla
de enrutamiento. No es que el router recibe
tráfico como archivos, video, etc… y sólo debe reenviarlo, sino que debe
procesarlo.
7.- Resumen de la prueba:
En un router las rutas son almacenadas en las
bases de información de enrutamiento (RIB):
Adj-RIB-In: contiene
información de ruta sin procesar que tiene de sus peers.
Adj-RIB-Out: contiene las
rutas para publicar a los perrs mediante los mensajes de ACTUALIZACIÓN.
Loc-RIB: contiene las rutas
que han sido seleccionadas por el proceso de decisión local de BGP. Podemos
decir que es la tabla
de enrutamiento y podrían existir otros destinos
alcanzables por otros protocolos de enrutamiento ademas de BGP.
Estas tablas, a diferencia del entorno estático
de un laboratorio, se encuentran en constante cambio y por lo tanto en un
entorno
BGP real de internet las actualizaciones nunca se
dejan de recibir, por lo que sólo estimamos -y no podemos comprobarlo- que
el UPDATE general de la tabla del peer (el route
reflector que nos envió las rutas) fué de 25 segundos.
Al planificar el laboratorio se esperaba una
especie curva en la demanda de ancho de banda que refleje la transferencia de
las
rutas BGP pero no fue el caso.
(2023) Hey Moses,
please pass me the tables...
Rosario, Argentina