Pruebas de compatibilidad spanning-tree
entre switches Huawei y Cisco
Fecha: 31 de octubre al 2 de noviembre del 2022
Escenario
Se realiza la primera de las pruebas de compatibilidad STP entre dos switches, un Huawei 5720 y un Catalyst 2960,
éste es el primer laboratorio de la trilogía y el mas simple en complejidad (lo dudo hablando de spanning-tree).
1.- Cambio del modo STP en el switch Huawei:
[HUAWEI]stp mode ?
mstp Multiple
Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) mode
rstp Rapid Spanning
Tree Protocol (RSTP) mode
stp Spanning Tree
Protocol (STP) mode
vbst Vlan-based Spanning Tree (VBST) mode (este modo sería similar a PVST de Cisco)
[HUAWEI]stp mode vbst
Info: This operation may take a few seconds.
Please wait for a moment....................done.
[HUAWEI]
1.- Verificación de la convergencia STP:
1.1.-
En el switch Huawei:
Oct 31 2022 22:47:00 HUAWEI %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[0]:Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has turned into
UP state.
Oct 31 2022 22:48:56 HUAWEI %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[6]:Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has turned into
UP state.
[HUAWEI]disp stp brief
VLAN-ID
Port
Role STP
State Protection
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ALTE DISCARDING NONE (OK, porque es el port
com mayor ID)
[HUAWEI]
[HUAWEI]disp stp
-------[VLAN 1 Global Info][Mode
VBST]-------
Bridge ID :32768.3ce8-247d-1410 (el switch Huawei con la priority standard de STP)
Bridge Diameter :7 (7 x 2 segundos = 14 segundos < 15 segundos)
Config Times :Hello
2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Active Times :Hello 2s
MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Root ID / RPC :32768.005f-86a7-2a00 / 20000 (el root es el switch Cisco)
RootPortId :128.4093
(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)
Root Type :Normal
BPDU-Protection :Disabled
STP Converge Mode :Normal
Time since last TC :0 days
0h:3m:33s
Number of TC :12
----[Port4093(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
Port
Role :Root Port
Port
Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T)
:Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port
:32768.005f-86a7-2a00 / 128.1
Port
Edged :Config=Default / Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto
/ Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
----[Port4092(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)][DISCARDING]----
Port Role :Alternate Port (correcto si es
el port activo mas alto de un switch no-root)
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T)
:Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port :32768.005f-86a7-2a00 / 128.2
Port
Edged :Config=Default
/ Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto
/ Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
---resumido---
1.2.- En el switch Cisco:
Por algún motivo los STP no se “ponen de acuerdo” y el switch Cisco detecta (pero no bloquea) un bucle proveniente del switch Huawei.
Oct 31 22:47:16: %SW_MATM-4-MACFLAP_NOTIF:
Host 3ce8.247d.1410 in vlan 1 is flapping between port Gi1/0/2 and port Gi1/0/1
Oct 31 22:47:46: %SW_MATM-4-MACFLAP_NOTIF:
Host 3ce8.247d.1410 in vlan 1 is flapping between port Gi1/0/2 and port Gi1/0/1
Oct 31 22:48:16: %SW_MATM-4-MACFLAP_NOTIF:
Host 3ce8.247d.1410 in vlan 1 is flapping between port Gi1/0/2 and port Gi1/0/1
Oct 31 22:48:46: %SW_MATM-4-MACFLAP_NOTIF:
Host 3ce8.247d.1410 in vlan 1 is flapping between port Gi1/0/2 and port Gi1/0/1
Cisco2960#sh
spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root
ID Priority 32769
Address
005f.86a7.2a00
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- --------
--------------------------------
Gi1/0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1
P2p
Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p
Cisco2960#
2.- Se cambia el root STP al Huawei:
El switch Cisco es el root STP ya que ambos tienen una priority de 32768, entonces “desempatan” por dirección MAC
de base mas baja, y el root lo “gana” el Cisco como podemos ver:
Cisco: 32768.005f.86a7.2a00 (es mas bajo hexadecimalmente hablando)
Huawei: 32768.3ce8.247d.1410
igual |
desempate
[HUAWEI]stp vlan 1 priority 4096
[HUAWEI]
Oct 31 2022 22:54:25 HUAWEI
DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID
1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed.
The current change number is 4, the change loop
count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[HUAWEI]
Cisco: 32768.005f.86a7.2a00
Huawei: 4096.3ce8.247d.1410 (ahora es mas bajo hexadecimalmente hablando)
|
gana por priority mas baja (priority.MAC base como un solo número)
3.- Verificación:
3.1.- En el switch Huawei:
[HUAWEI]
disp stp
-------[VLAN 1 Global Info][Mode
VBST]-------
Bridge ID :4096 .3ce8-247d-1410
Bridge Diameter :7
Config Times :Hello 2s
MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Active Times :Hello 2s
MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Root ID / RPC :4096
.3ce8-247d-1410 / 0 (This bridge is the
root)
RootPortId :0.0
Root Type :Normal
BPDU-Protection :Disabled
STP Converge Mode :Normal
Time since last TC :0 days 0h:4m:44s
Number of TC :12
----[Port4093(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
Port
Role :Designated Port
Port
Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T)
:Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port :4096 .3ce8-247d-1410 / 128.4093
Port
Edged :Config=Default
/ Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto /
Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
----
More ---- BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
----[Port4092(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)][ FORWARDING]----
Port
Role :Designated Port
Port
Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T)
:Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port :4096 .3ce8-247d-1410 / 128.4092
Port
Edged :Config=Default
/ Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto /
Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
----[Port4091(GigabitEthernet0/0/3)][DOWN]----
---resto omitido---
[HUAWEI]
[HUAWEI]disp stp brief
VLAN-ID
Port
Role STP
State Protection
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
[HUAWEI]
3.2.- En el switch Cisco:
Cisco2960#sh
spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root
ID Priority 4097
Address 3ce8.247d.1410 (el switch Huawei)
Cost 4
Port 1 (GigabitEthernet1/0/1)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Gi1/0/1 Root FWD 4 128.1 P2p
Gi1/0/2 Altn BLK 4 128.2 P2p (OK, en bloqueo por ser el port con ID mas alto)
Cisco2960#
4.- Agregado de una segunda VLAN:
Con el agregado de una segunda VLAN, el STP ahora comienza a funcionar verdaderamente como VBST y PVSTP.
4.1.- En el switch Huawei:
4.1.1.- Se agrega vlan 2:
[HUAWEI]vlan 2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds.
Please wait for a moment...done.
[HUAWEI-vlan2]name Vlan0002
[HUAWEI-vlan2]quit
[HUAWEI]
4.1.2.- Se convierten los puertos en trunk permitiendo VLANs 1 y 2:
[HUAWEI]interface
GigabitEthernet0/0/1
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
Info: This operation may take a few seconds.
Please wait for a moment...done.
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 to 2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds.
Please wait a moment...done.
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[HUAWEI]
[HUAWEI]interface
GigabitEthernet0/0/2
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
Info: This operation may take a few seconds.
Please wait for a moment...done.
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 to 2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds.
Please wait a moment...done.
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[HUAWEI]
4.2.- En el switch Cisco:
4.2.1.- Se agrega vlan 2:
Cisco2960(config)#vlan 2
Cisco2960(config-vlan)#exit
Cisco2960(config)#
4.2.2.- Se convierten los puertos en trunk permitiendo VLANs 1 y 2:
Cisco2960(config)#int range gi1/0/1-2
Cisco2960(config-if-range)#sw mode trunk
Cisco2960(config-if-range)#sw trunk allowed vlan 1,2
Cisco2960(config-if-range)#end
Cisco2960#
4.3.- Verificaciòn:
4.3.1.- En el switch Huawei:
[HUAWEI]disp stp vlan 1
-------[VLAN 1 Global Info][Mode
VBST]-------
Bridge ID :4096 .3ce8-247d-1410
Bridge Diameter :7
Config Times :Hello
2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Active Times :Hello
2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Root ID / RPC :4096
.3ce8-247d-1410 / 0 (This bridge is the
root)
RootPortId :0.0
Root Type :Normal
BPDU-Protectio :Disabled
STP Converge Mode :Normal
Time since last TC :0 days
0h:1m:38s
Number of TC :28
----[Port4093(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
Port
Role :Designated Port
Port
Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T) :Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port :4096 .3ce8-247d-1410 / 128.4093
Port
Edged :Config=Default / Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto
/ Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection
Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
----[Port4092(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)][FORWARDING]----
Port
Role :Designated Port
Port
Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T)
:Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port :4096 .3ce8-247d-1410 / 128.4092
Port
Edged :Config=Default / Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto
/ Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
----[Port4091(GigabitEthernet0/0/3)][DOWN]----
---resto omitido---
[HUAWEI]disp stp vlan 2
-------[VLAN 2 Global Info][Mode
VBST]-------
Bridge ID
:32768.3ce8-247d-1410
Bridge Diameter :7
Config Times :Hello
2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Active Times :Hello
2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s
Root ID / RPC :32768.005f-86a7-2a00 / 20000 (el root es el switch Cisco)
RootPortId :128.4092
(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)
Root Type :Normal
BPDU-Protection :Disabled
STP Converge Mode :Normal
Time since last TC :0 days 0h:1m:9s
Number of TC :4
----[Port4093(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][DISCARDING]---- (descarta porque en Huawei a pesar de ser un número de port mas bajo
Port Role :Alternate Port
para spanning-tree s un port-id mas alto, ver Port4093)
Port
Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T)
:Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port :32768.005f-86a7-2a00 / 128.2
Port
Edged :Config=Default
/ Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto /
Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
----[Port4092(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)][FORWARDING]---- (en forwarding por ser
Port4092 en terminología spanning-tree)
Port
Role :Root
Port
Port
Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T)
:Config=Auto / Active=20000
Desg. Bridge/Port :32768.005f-86a7-2a00
/ 128.1
Port
Edged :Config=Default
/ Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto /
Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
[HUAWEI]
4.3.2.- En el switch Cisco:
Cisco2960#sh
spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root
ID Priority 4097
Address 3ce8.247d.1410 (el switch Huawei)
Cost 4
Port 1 (GigabitEthernet1/0/1)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- --------
--------------------------------
Gi1/0/1 Root FWD 4 128.1 P2p
Gi1/0/2 Altn
BLK 4 128.2 P2p
VLAN0002
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root
ID Priority 32770
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32770
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 2)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- --------
--------------------------------
Gi1/0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p
Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p
Cisco2960#
Cisco2960#sh
int trunk
Port
Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Gi1/0/1
on 802.1q trunking 1
Gi1/0/2
on 802.1q trunking 1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Gi1/0/1
1-4094
Gi1/0/2
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Gi1/0/1
1-2
Gi1/0/2
1-2
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Gi1/0/1 1-2
Gi1/0/2 2 (recordemos que la VLAN 1 esta en blocking porque el Huawei es el root)
Cisco2960#
5.- Capturas y comparaciòn de BPDUs:
Las tramas 1 y 2 son del switch Huawei, podemos ver la priority 4096 para la VLAN 1 y 32768 para la VLAN 2.
Las tramas 3 y 4 son del switch Cisco, podemos ver la priority 32768 para las VLANs 1 y 2.
5.1.- Comparación de los flags de las BPDU Huawei con las BPDU Cisco:
Se detallan las secciones de la Frame 1 (Huawei) contra la Frame 3 (Cisco) para la VLAN 1
y la Frame 2 (Huawei) contra la Frame 4 (Cisco) para la VLAN 2.
Frame 1: 64 bytes on wire (512 bits), 64
bytes captured (512 bits)
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet (BPDU switch Huawei)
Destination: 01:00:0c:cc:cc:cd
Source: 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10
Length: 50
Logical-Link Control
Frame 3: 60 bytes on wire (480 bits), 60
bytes captured (480 bits)
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet (BPDU switch Cisco)
Destination: 01:80:c2:00:00:00
Source: 00:5f:86:a7:2a:01
Length: 39
Padding: 00000000000000
Logical-Link Control
Spanning Tree Protocol (BPDU switch Huawei)
Protocol Identifier: Spanning Tree Protocol (0x0000)
Protocol Version Identifier: Rapid Spanning Tree (2)
BPDU
Type: Rapid/Multiple Spanning Tree (0x02)
BPDU
flags: 0x7c, Agreement, Forwarding, Learning, Port Role: Designated
0... .... = Topology Change Acknowledgment: No
.1.. .... = Agreement: Yes
..1. .... = Forwarding: Yes
...1 .... = Learning: Yes
.... 11.. = Port Role: Designated (3)
.... ..0. = Proposal: No
.... ...0 = Topology Change: No
Spanning Tree Protocol (BPDU switch Cisco)
Protocol Identifier: Spanning Tree Protocol (0x0000)
Protocol Version Identifier: Rapid Spanning Tree (2)
BPDU
Type: Rapid/Multiple Spanning Tree (0x02)
BPDU
flags: 0x0e, Port Role: Designated, Proposal
0...
.... = Topology Change Acknowledgment: No
.0.. .... = Agreement: No
..0. .... = Forwarding: No
...0 .... = Learning: No
.... 11.. = Port Role: Designated (3)
.... ..1. = Proposal: Yes
.... ...0 = Topology Change: No
Root
Identifier: 4096 / 1 / 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10 (BPDU switch Huawei)
Root Bridge Priority: 4096 (forzado manualmente)
Root Bridge System ID Extension: 1
Root Bridge System ID: 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10
Root
Path Cost: 0
Root Identifier: 32768 / 1 / 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00 (BPDU switch Cisco)
Root Bridge Priority: 32768 (priority por default)
Root Bridge System ID Extension: 1
Root Bridge System ID: 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00
Root
Path Cost: 0
Bridge
Identifier: 4096 / 1 / 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10 (BPDU switch Huawei)
Bridge Priority: 4096
Bridge System ID Extension: 1
Bridge System ID: 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10
Bridge Identifier: 32768 / 1 / 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00 (BPDU switch Cisco)
Bridge Priority: 32768
Bridge System ID Extension: 1
Bridge System ID: 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00
Port
identifier: 0x8ffd (BPDU switch Huawei)
Message Age: 0
Max
Age: 20
Hello
Time: 2
Forward Delay: 15
Version
1 Length: 0
Port
identifier: 0x8001 (BPDU switch Cisco)
Message Age: 0
Max
Age: 20
Hello
Time: 2
Forward Delay: 15
Version 1 Length: 0
Originating VLAN (PVID): 1 (BPDU switch Huawei)(Cisco no tiene este flag con la VLAN 1)
Type: Originating VLAN (0x0000)
Length: 2
Originating VLAN: 1
Frame 2: 64 bytes on wire (512 bits), 64
bytes captured (512 bits)
IEEE
802.3 Ethernet (BPDU switch Huawei)
Destination: 01:00:0c:cc:cc:cd
Source: 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10
Length: 50
Logical-Link Control
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet (BPDU switch Cisco)
Destination: 01:00:0c:cc:cc:cd
Source: 00:5f:86:a7:2a:01
Length: 50
Logical-Link Control
Spanning Tree Protocol (BPDU switch Huawei)
Protocol
Identifier: Spanning Tree Protocol (0x0000)
Protocol Version Identifier: Rapid Spanning Tree (2)
BPDU
Type: Rapid/Multiple Spanning Tree (0x02)
BPDU
flags: 0x3c, Forwarding, Learning, Port Role: Designated
0... .... = Topology Change Acknowledgment: No
.0.. .... = Agreement: No
..1. .... = Forwarding: Yes
...1 .... = Learning: Yes
.... 11.. = Port Role: Designated (3)
.... ..0. = Proposal: No
.... ...0 = Topology Change: No
Spanning Tree Protocol (BPDU switch Cisco)
Protocol Identifier: Spanning Tree Protocol (0x0000)
Protocol Version Identifier: Rapid Spanning Tree (2)
BPDU
Type: Rapid/Multiple Spanning Tree (0x02)
BPDU
flags: 0x0e, Port Role: Designated, Proposal
0... .... = Topology Change Acknowledgment: No
.0.. .... = Agreement: No
..0. .... = Forwarding: No
...0 .... = Learning: No
.... 11.. = Port Role: Designated (3)
.... ..1. = Proposal: Yes
....
...0 = Topology Change: No
Root
Identifier: 32768 / 2 / 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00 (BPDU switch Huawei)
Root Bridge Priority: 32768
Root Bridge System ID Extension: 2
Root Bridge System ID: 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00
Root
Path Cost: 20000
Root Identifier: 32768 / 2 / 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00 (BPDU switch Cisco)
Root Bridge Priority: 32768
Root Bridge System ID Extension: 2
Root Bridge System ID: 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00
Root
Path Cost: 0
Bridge Identifier: 32768 / 2 / 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10
(BPDU switch Huawei)
Bridge Priority: 32768
Bridge System ID Extension: 2
Bridge System ID: 3c:e8:24:7d:14:10
Bridge Identifier: 32768 / 2 / 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00 (BPDU switch Cisco)
Bridge Priority: 32768
Bridge System ID Extension: 2
Bridge System ID: 00:5f:86:a7:2a:00
Port
identifier: 0x8ffd (BPDU switch Huawei)
Message Age: 1
Max
Age: 20
Hello
Time: 2
Forward Delay: 15
Version 1 Length: 0
Port identifier:
0x8001 (BPDU switch Cisco)
Message Age: 0
Max
Age: 20
Hello
Time: 2
Forward Delay: 15
Version 1 Length: 0
Originating VLAN (PVID): 2 (BPDU switch Huawei)
Type: Originating VLAN (0x0000)
Length: 2
Originating VLAN: 2
Originating VLAN (PVID): 2 (BPDU switch Cisco)
Type: Originating VLAN (0x0000)
Length: 2
Originating VLAN: 2
6.- Detalle de los costos STP:
Estos costos se pueden modificar “adaptandolos” a los costos Cisco que utiliza 802.1D-1998,
sólo para mejor lectura ya que verificamos que la compatibilidad existe.
6.1.- Ejemplo:
6.1.1.- Antes:
[HUAWEI]disp stp brief
-------[VLAN 1 Global Info][Mode
VBST]-------
---omitido/resumido----
----[Port4093(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
Port
Role :Root
Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T) :Config=Auto / Active=20000 (ver en la tabla interface de 1 Gbps)
Desg. Bridge/Port
:32768.005f-86a7-2a00 / 128.1
Port
Edged :Config=Default /
Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto /
Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
6.1.2.- Cambio:
[HUAWEI]stp pathcost-standard
dot1d-1998
Warning: The path cost of the current process
will be set to the default value because the path cost standard is changed.
[HUAWEI]
6.1.3.- Después:
[HUAWEI]disp stp vlan 1
-------[VLAN 1 Global Info][Mode VBST]-------
---omitido/resumido----
----[Port4093(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
Port
Role :Designated
Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1D) :Config=Auto / Active=4 (ver en la tabla interface de 1 Gbps)
Desg. Bridge/Port
:4096 .3ce8-247d-1410 / 128.4093
Port
Edged :Config=Default
/ Active=Disabled
Point-to-point :Config=Auto /
Active=True
Transit
Limit :6
packets/hello
Protection Type :None
Port STP
Mode :VBST
BPDU Encapsulation :Config=VBST / Active=VBST
BPDU
Sent :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
BPDU
Received :0
TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0
7.- Prueba de caída de enlaces:
7.1.- Verificación previa:
<HUAWEI>disp stp brief
VLAN-ID Port Role STP State Protection
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI
FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI
FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ALTE
DISCARDING NONE
<HUAWEI>
7.2.- Simulación de caída de enlace:
<HUAWEI>
Nov
2 2022
7:46:44 HUAWEI %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[8]:Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has
turned into DOWN state.
<HUAWEI>
Cisco2960#
Nov
2 2022
7:46: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1,
changed state to down
Nov
2 2022
7:46: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1, changed state to down
Cisco2960#
7.3.- Verificación en Huawei:
<HUAWEI>disp stp brief
VLAN-ID Port Role STP State Protection
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI
FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
<HUAWEI>
7.4.- Verificación en el switch Cisco:
Cisco2960#sh
spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning
tree enabled protocol rstp
Root
ID Priority 4097
Address 3ce8.247d.1410
Cost 4
Port 2 (GigabitEthernet1/0/2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- --------
--------------------------------
Gi1/0/2 Root FWD 4 128.2 P2p
VLAN0002
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root
ID Priority 32770
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32770
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 2)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p
Cisco2960#
7.5.- Se reestablece el link:
<HUAWEI>
Nov
2 2022
7:47:34 HUAWEI %%01IFPDT/4/IF_STATE(l)[11]:Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has
turned into UP state.
<HUAWEI>
Cisco2960#
Nov
2 7:47: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface
GigabitEthernet1/0/1, changed state to up
Nov
2 7:47: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on
Interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1, changed state to up
Cisco2960#
7.6.- Verificación en el switch Huawei:
<HUAWEI>disp stp brief
VLAN-ID
Port
Role STP State Protection
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI
DISCARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI
FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
<HUAWEI>
7.7.- Verificación en el switch Cisco:
Cisco2960#sh
spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root
ID Priority 4097
Address 3ce8.247d.1410
Cost 4
Port 2
(GigabitEthernet1/0/2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- --------
--------------------------------
Gi1/0/1 Altn BLK 4 128.1 P2p
Gi1/0/2 Root FWD 4 128.2 P2p
VLAN0002
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root
ID Priority 32770
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32770
(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 2)
Address 005f.86a7.2a00
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- --------
--------------------------------
Gi1/0/1 Desg BLK 4 128.1 P2p
Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p
Cisco2960#
8.- Análisis de por que el switch Cisco bloquea Gi1/0/1 en vez de
Gi1/0/2:
Cisco2960#debug spanning-tree events
Spanning Tree event debugging is on
Cisco2960#
Nov
2 7:47.30: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2,
changed state to up
Nov
2 7:47.30: RSTP(1): initializing port Gi1/0/2
Nov
2 7:47.30: RSTP(1): Gi1/0/2 is now designated
Nov
2 7:47.30: RSTP(2): initializing port Gi1/0/2
Nov
2 7:47.30: RSTP(2): Gi1/0/2 is now designated
Nov
2 7:47.30: RSTP(1): transmitting a proposal on
Gi1/0/2
Nov
2 7:47.30: RSTP(2): transmitting a proposal on
Gi1/0/2
Nov 2 7:47.31: RSTP(1): updt roles, received superior bpdu on Gi1/0/2 (es superior/mejor porque es Port4092 en la Gi0/0/2
Nov 2 7:47.31: RSTP(1): Gi1/0/2 is now root port es mas bajo que Port4093 de la Gi0/0/1)
Nov
2 7:47.31: RSTP(1): Gi1/0/1 blocked by re-root
Nov 2 7:47.31: RSTP(1): synced Gi1/0/2
Nov 2 7:47.31: RSTP(1): Gi1/0/1 is now alternate (queda en bloqueo el port con id mas alto)
Nov
2 7:47.31: STP[1]: Generating TC trap for port
GigabitEthernet1/0/2
Nov
2 7:47.31: RSTP(1): transmitting an agreement
on Gi1/0/2 as a response to a proposal
Nov
2 7:47.31: RSTP(2): transmitting a proposal on
Gi1/0/2
Cisco2960#
Cisco2960#sh
spanning-tree vlan 2
---resumido/omitido---
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- --------
--------------------------------
Gi1/0/1
Desg BLK 4 128.1 P2p
Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p
Cisco2960#
(2022) Se adelantó el regreso
de Mao
Rosario, Argentina