Laboratorio de enrutamiento estático:

Clase de CCNA 2 del 26 de Septiembre del 2009, academia Cisco, Rosario

Instructor: Ernesto Vilarrasa

Escenario/ Topología:

Este escenario simula una instalación típica entre una casa central y dos sucursales, que mediante enrutamiento

dinámico con dos protocolos distintos, utilizamos sólo un enlace y tenemos otro de backup.

Diagrama en pizarrón

Layout de conexiones serial

Diagrama en Packet Tracer

Desarrollo:

Las interfaces locales se configuraron en Fa0/0 y se dedican 2 enlaces hacia cada sucursal, uno con

RIP v2 y otro con OSPF, pero las redes locales se configuran con ambos protocolos, y sólo OSPF

con destino 192.168.X.0 debería estar activo en la tabla de enrutamiento debido a la menor distancia administrativa.

Rosario:

hostname Rosario

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

interface Serial0/0/0

ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.252

clock rate 64000

interface Serial0/1/0

ip address 10.0.2.1 255.255.255.252

clock rate 64000

interface Serial0/0/1

ip address 10.0.1.10 255.255.255.252

interface Serial0/1/1

ip address 10.0.2.10 255.255.255.252

router ospf 1

log-adjacency-changes

network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 < --- común tanto para RIP como OSPF

network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

network 10.0.2.8 0.0.0.3 area 0

router rip

passive-interface FastEthernet0/0

passive-interface Serial0/0/1 < --- impide publicar RIP en los enlaces para OSPF

passive-interface Serial0/0/0

network 10.0.0.0

network 192.168.0.0 < --- común tanto para RIP como OSPF

Tucumán:

hostname Tucuman

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

interface Serial0/0/0

ip address 10.0.1.9 255.255.255.252

clock rate 64000

interface Serial0/1/0

ip address 10.0.2.9 255.255.255.252

clock rate 64000

interface Serial0/0/1

ip address 10.0.1.6 255.255.255.252

interface Serial0/1/1

ip address 10.0.2.6 255.255.255.252

router ospf 1

log-adjacency-changes

network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

network 10.0.2.4 0.0.0.3 area 0

network 10.0.2.8 0.0.0.3 area 0

router rip

passive-interface FastEthernet0/0

passive-interface Serial0/0/1

passive-interface Serial0/0/0

network 10.0.0.0

network 192.168.2.0

Córdoba:

hostname Cordoba

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

interface Serial0/0/0

ip address 10.0.1.5 255.255.255.252

clock rate 64000

interface Serial0/1/0

ip address 10.0.2.5 255.255.255.252

clock rate 64000

interface Serial0/0/1

ip address 10.0.1.2 255.255.255.252

interface Serial0/1/1

ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.252

router ospf 1

log-adjacency-changes

network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

network 10.0.2.4 0.0.0.3 area 0

network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

router rip

passive-interface FastEthernet0/0

passive-interface Serial0/0/1

passive-interface Serial0/0/0

network 10.0.0.0

network 192.168.1.0

Prueba de routing con OSPF: se realiza un show ip route en alguno de los routers

y se verifican los destinos 192.168.X.0 que son comunes para ambos protocolos de

enrutamiento, en este primer caso deberíamos tener sólo OSPF debido a la menor AD:

Cordoba#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnets

C 10.0.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

C 10.0.1.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

R 10.0.1.8 [120/1] via 10.0.1.6, 00:00:01, Serial0/0/0

[120/1] via 10.0.1.1, 00:00:10, Serial0/0/1

C 10.0.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/1

C 10.0.2.4 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

O 10.0.2.8 [110/128] via 10.0.2.1, 00:23:03, Serial0/1/1

[110/128] via 10.0.2.6, 00:22:53, Serial0/0/1

O 192.168.0.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.2.1, 00:23:03, Serial0/1/1

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.2.6, 00:22:53, Serial0/1/0

donde: 110 distancia administrativa de OSPF, 65 el costo OSPF o sea: ( 10^8 / 1544 )=65 Kbps

Prueba de enlace OSPF caído entre Rosario y Córdoba

Cordoba#show ip route

....

10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 5 subnets

C 10.0.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

C 10.0.1.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

R 10.0.1.8 [120/1] via 10.0.1.6, 00:00:03, Serial0/0/0

[120/1] via 10.0.1.1, 00:00:10, Serial0/0/1

C 10.0.2.4 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

O 10.0.2.8 [110/128] via 10.0.2.6, 00:27:30, Serial0/1/1

O 192.168.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.0.2.6, 00:00:01, Serial0/1/0 < -- 2 veces el costo, o sea

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 Córdoba -> Tucuman -> Rosario

O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 10.0.2.6, 00:27:30, Serial0/1/0

Cordoba#

Prueba de enlace OSPF caído entre Tucumán y Córdoba

y por lo tanto ahora Córdoba llega a Rosario y Tucumán vía RIP, sólo hay vínculo OSPF

entre Rosario y Tucumán.

Cordoba#show ip route

....

10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnets

C 10.0.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

C 10.0.1.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

R 10.0.1.8 [120/1] via 10.0.1.6, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/0

[120/1] via 10.0.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0/0/1

R 10.0.2.8 [120/1] via 10.0.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0/0/1

[120/1] via 10.0.1.6, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/0

R 192.168.0.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0/0/1

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.1.6, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/0

Cordoba#

donde: 120 distancia administrativa de RIP, 1 la métrica de RIP ( 1 Hop o Salto )