Escenario de RIP v1 y 2
simultáneos
Clase: Exploration 2
Fecha: 4 de Octubre 2012
Escenario
En este escenario, se simula la fusión de dos
empresas, las cuales tienen RIPv2 (empresa 1) y RIP v1 (empresa 2)
y en la cual no es posible migrar a versión 2 (imaginemos
equipos viejos).
El desafío es tener visibilidad en la red de extremo
a extremo (llegar a todos lados) sin migrar ninguna versión.
Escenario disponible para completar en: ftp://ftp.vilarrasa.com.ar/ user y pass:
ccna
Layout
Implementación RIP en Empresa 1
!
---resumido---
!
interface Serial0/1/1
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.252
clock rate 4000000
!
router rip
version 2
network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.0.0 (red en común)
!
---resumido---
end
RIP: sending v2 update to 224.0.0.9 via Serial0/1/1
(192.168.0.1)
RIP: build update entries
10.0.0.0/8 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0 (sumariza por ser borde 10 -> 192.168)
RIP: ignored v1
packet from 192.168.0.2 (illegal version)
Casa_Central_1#sh ip
route (verificación, no muestra la rut 172.16.0.0)
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/27 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.128 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.0.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/1/1
Casa_Central_1#
En router RIP v1
RIP: received v2
update from 192.168.0.1 on Serial0/1/1 (no lo ve como
ilegal)
10.0.0.0/8 via 0.0.0.0 in 1 hops
RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/1/1
(192.168.0.2)
RIP: build update entries
network 172.16.0.0 metric 1
Casa_Central_2#sh ip
route (verificación)
---resumido---
R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 192.168.0.1,
00:00:04, Serial0/1/1 (aprende ruta)
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 5 subnets
C 172.16.0.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 172.16.1.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.2,
00:00:21, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/1] via 172.16.4.1,
00:00:09, Serial0/0/1
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/1
192.168.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.0.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/1/1
Casa_Central_2#
Solución:
Se crean rutas estáticas resumidas y se
redistribuyen vía RIP en ambos routers
Casa_Central_1#conf t
Enter configuration
commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Casa_Central_1(config)#ip
route 172.16.0.0 255.255.248.0 192.168.0.2
Casa_Central_1(config)#router
rip
Casa_Central_1(config-router)#no
network 192.168.0.0
Casa_Central_1(config-router)#redistribute
static
Casa_Central_1(config-router)#^Z
Casa_Central_1#sh ip
route (verificamos)
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/27 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.128 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
172.16.0.0/21 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 172.16.0.0 [1/0] via 192.168.0.2
192.168.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/1
Casa_Central_1#
Cálculo de la ruta de resumen:
Todas las redes son 172.16.x.x, entonces buscamos en
el 3er octeto bits en común:
00000000
00000001
00000010
00000011
00000100
128+64+32+16+8=248
Casa_Central_2#conf t
Enter configuration
commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Casa_Central_2(config)#ip
route 10.0.0.128 255.255.255.128 192.168.0.1
Casa_Central_2(config)#router
rip
Casa_Central_2(config-router)#redistribute
static
Casa_Central_2(config-router)#no
network 192.168.0.0
Casa_Central_2(config-router)#^Z
Casa_Central_2#sh ip
route (verificamos)
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/25 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.0.0.128 [1/0] via 192.168.0.1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
R 172.16.0.0/16 is possibly down, routing
via 192.168.0.1, Serial0/1/1
R 172.16.0.0/21 [120/1] via 192.168.0.1,
00:03:51, Serial0/1/1
C 172.16.0.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.3.2,
00:00:05, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.2.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.4.1,
00:00:26, Serial0/0/1
C 172.16.3.0/24 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.4.0/24 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/1
192.168.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.0.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/1/1
Casa_Central_2#
Cálculo de la ruta de resumen:
Todas las redes son 10.0.0.x, entonces buscamos en
el 4to octeto bits en común:
11000000
10000000
10100000
10101000
Verificación:
BsAs#sh ip route (del lado RIP v2)
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
R 10.0.0.128/27 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
C 10.0.0.160/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 10.0.0.168/29 [120/2] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.192/27 [120/2] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.240/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.244/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
C 10.0.0.248/30 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/21 is subnetted, 1 subnets (se
ve sin clase)
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:03, Serial0/0/0
BsAs#ping 172.16.0.1
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP
Echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100
percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 49/57/63 ms
BsAs#ping 172.16.1.1
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos
to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100
percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 47/78/94 ms
BsAs#ping 172.16.2.1
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP
Echos to 172.16.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100
percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 78/86/94 ms
BsAs#ping 172.16.3.1
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP
Echos to 172.16.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100
percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 47/56/63 ms
BsAs#ping 172.16.4.1
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP
Echos to 172.16.4.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100
percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 66/85/94 ms
BsAs#
Prueba para probar la ruta de resúmen: Generamos una interfaz virtual y que participe en
RIP v1,
pero con un rango dentro del resúmen para
asegurarnos llegar a ella:
Casa_Central_2#conf t
Enter configuration
commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Casa_Central_2(config)#int
loopback 0
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface
Loopback0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line
protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
Casa_Central_2(config-if)#description
Interfaz de pruebas de resumen
Casa_Central_2(config-if)#ip
address 172.16.5.1 255.255.255.0
Casa_Central_2(config-if)#^Z
Casa_Central_2#
Mendoza#sh ip route (verificamos del lado RIP v1)
---resumido---
Gateway of last resort is
not set
R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:21:15, Serial0/0/0 (ver que es con clase)
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:10, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/2] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:10, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.4.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:10, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.5.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:10, Serial0/0/0
Mendoza#
BsAs#ping 172.16.5.1 (verificamos del lado RIP v2)
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP
Echos to 172.16.5.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100
percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 46/58/62 ms
BsAs#
Prueba para probar la ruta de resúmen: Cambiamos la IP en la interfaz virtual con un rango
fuera del resúmen (ahora es la subred 8.0, que
utiliza 4 bits: 8 = 1000).
Casa_Central_2#conf t
Enter configuration
commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Casa_Central_2(config)#int
loop 0
Casa_Central_2(config-if)#ip
address 172.16.8.1 255.255.255.0
Casa_Central_2(config-if)#^Z
Casa_Central_2#
Mendoza#sh ip route (verificamos del lado RIP v1)
---resumido---
R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:26:32, Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 7 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:15, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/2] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:15, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.4.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:15, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.5.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1, 00:01:09,
Serial0/0/0 (ver que persiste)
R 172.16.8.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:15, Serial0/0/0
Mendoza#sh ip route
---resumido---
R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:28:16, Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 7 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:13, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/2] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:13, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.4.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:13, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.5.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1, 00:02:53,
Seri(180 segundos = 3 minutos)
R 172.16.8.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:13, Serial0/0/0
Mendoza#sh ip route
---resumido---
R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:28:23, Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 7 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:20, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/2] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:20, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.4.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:20, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.5.0 is possibly down, routing
via 172.16.3.1 (hasta los 240 segundos)
R 172.16.8.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:20, Serial0/0/0
Mendoza#deb ip routing
(verificamos cuando se elimina)
IP routing debugging is on
Mendoza#
RT: del 172.16.5.0 via
172.16.3.1, rip metric [120/16]
RT: delete network route
to 172.16.5.0
RT: NET-RED 172.16.5.0/24
Mendoza#sh ip route
(verificamos ruta eliminada)
---resumido---
R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:28:30, Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 7 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:27, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/2] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:27, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.4.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:27, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.8.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1,
00:00:27, Serial0/0/0
Mendoza#
BsAs#ping 172.16.8.1
(volvamos a las pruebas !!!)(desde RIP v2)
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP
Echos to 172.16.8.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
U.U.U (no entra en la ruta estática resumida)
Success rate is 0 percent
(0/5)
BsAs#
Casa_Central_1#conf t (modificamos ruta de resúmen a una adecuada)
Enter configuration
commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Casa_Central_1(config)#no
ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.248.0 192.168.0.2
Casa_Central_1(config)#ip
route 172.16.0.0 255.255.240.0 192.168.0.2
Casa_Central_1(config)#^Z
Casa_Central_1#
BsAs#sh ip route
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
R 10.0.0.128/27 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:25, Serial0/0/0
C 10.0.0.160/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 10.0.0.168/29 [120/2] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:25, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.192/27 [120/2] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:25, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.240/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:25, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.244/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:25, Serial0/0/0
C 10.0.0.248/30 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
R 172.16.0.0/20 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:31, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.0.0/21 is possibly down, routing
via 10.0.0.249, Serial0/0/0
BsAs#debug ip routing
(verificamos cuando se elimina)
RT: del 172.16.0.0 via
10.0.0.249, rip metric [120/16]
RT: delete network route
to 172.16.0.0
RT: NET-RED 172.16.0.0/21
BsAs#sh ip route (verificamos ruta eliminada)
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
R 10.0.0.128/27 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:14, Serial0/0/0
C 10.0.0.160/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
R 10.0.0.168/29 [120/2] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:14, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.192/27 [120/2] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:14, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.240/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249, 00:00:14, Serial0/0/0
R 10.0.0.244/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:14, Serial0/0/0
C 10.0.0.248/30 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/20 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 10.0.0.249,
00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
BsAs#
BsAs#ping 172.16.8.1 (verificamos del lado RIP v2)
Type escape sequence to
abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP
Echos to 172.16.8.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100
percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 46/56/63 ms
BsAs#
Configuraciones relevantes ( routers de borde)
Con RIP versión 2:
Casa_Central_1#sh runn
Building configuration...
Current configuration :
896 bytes
!
hostname Casa_Central_1
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
description Casa Central
ip address 10.0.0.129 255.255.255.224
!
interface Serial0/0/0
description enlace WAN a Rosario
ip address 10.0.0.241 255.255.255.252
clock rate 4000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
description enlace WAN a Cordoba
ip address 10.0.0.245 255.255.255.252
clock rate 1000000
!
interface Serial0/1/0
description enlace WAN a BsAs
ip address 10.0.0.249 255.255.255.252
!
interface Serial0/1/1
description enlace WAN a RIP v1
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.252
clock rate 4000000
!
router rip
version 2 (es una red con VLSM)
redistribute static
network 10.0.0.0
!
ip classless
ip route 172.16.0.0
255.255.248.0 192.168.0.2
!
end
Casa_Central_1#
Con RIP versión 1:
Casa_Central_2#sh runn
Building configuration...
Current configuration :
922 bytes
!
hostname Casa_Central_2
!
!
interface Loopback0
description Interfaz de pruebas de resumen
ip address 172.16.8.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
description Casa Central
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/0/0
description enlace WAN a Mendoza
ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
clock rate 4000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
description enlace WAN a Tucuman
ip address 172.16.4.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/1/1
description enlace WAN a
RIP v2
ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.252
!
router rip
redistribute static
network 172.16.0.0
!
ip classless
ip route 10.0.0.128
255.255.255.128 192.168.0.1
!
end
Casa_Central_2#exit
Connection lost !
(2012) Networking cause schizophrenia
Rosario, Argentina